Journal of Critical Care
Volume 21, Issue 1 , Pages 73-77 , March 2006

Relative adrenal insufficiency in patients with septic shock; a close look to practice patterns

Received 28 February 2005 ,Revised 26 July 2005 ,Accepted 13 September 2005.

References 

  1. Cooper MS, Stewart PM. Corticosteroid insufficiency in acutely ill patients. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:727–734
  2. Marik PE, Zaloga GP. Adrenal insufficiency in the critically ill. A new look to an old problem. Chest. 2002;122:1784–1796
  3. Annane D, Sébillee V, Charpintier C, et al. Effect of treatment with low doses of hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone on mortality in patient with septic shock. JAMA. 2002;288:862–887
  4. Bollaert PE, Charpentier C, Levy B, et al. Reversal of late septic shock with supraphysiologic doses of hydrocortisone. Crit Care Med. 1998;26:645–650
  5. Briegel J, Forst H, Schelling G, et al. Stress doses of hydrocortisone reverse hyperdynamic septic shock: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, single center study. Crit Care Med. 1999;27:723–732
  6. Annane D, Sébille V, Troché G, et al. A 3-level prognostic classification in septic shock based on cortisol levels and cortisol response to corticotrophin. JAMA. 2000;283:1038–1045
  7. Bouachour G, Tirot P, Gouello JP, et al. Adrenocortical function during septic shock. Intensive Care Med. 1995;21:57–62
  8. Marik PE, Zaloga GP. Adrenal insufficiency during septic shock. Crit Care Med. 2003;31:141–145
  9. Streeten DHP. What test for hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal insufficiency?. Lancet. 1999;354:179–180
  10. Soni A, Pepper GM, Wyrwinsky PM, et al. Adrenal insufficiency occurring during septic shock: incidence, outcome, and relationship to peripheral cytokine levels. Am J Med. 1995;98:266–271
  11. Marik PE. Unraveling the mystery of adrenal failure in the critically ill. Crit Care Med. 2004;32:596–597
  12. Ligtenberg JJM, Zijlstra JG. The relative adrenal insufficiency syndrome revisited: which patients will benefit from low-dose steroids?. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2004;10:456–460
  13. Dellinger RP, Carlet JM, Masur H, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock. Crit Care Med. 2004;32:858–873
  14. Prigent H, Maxime V, Annane D. Clinical review: corticotherapy in sepsis. Crit Care. 2004;8:122–129
  15. Knaus WA, Draper EA, Wagner D, et al. APACHE II: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Med. 1985;13:818–829
  16. Vincent JL, Moreno R, Willatts S, et al. The SOFA (sepsis-related organ failure assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction/failure. Intensive Care Med. 1996;22:707–710
  17. Le-Gall JR, Lemeshow S, Saulnier F. A new Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II) based on European/North American multicenter study. JAMA. 1993;270:2957–2963
  18. Angus DC, Linde-Zwirble WT, Lidicker J, et al. Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care. Crit Care Med. 2001;29:1303–1310

PII: S0883-9441(05)00191-7

doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2005.09.055

Journal of Critical Care
Volume 21, Issue 1 , Pages 73-77 , March 2006

Article Tools