Journal of Critical Care
Volume 23, Issue 4 , Pages 475-483 , December 2008

Sepsis and organ system failure are major determinants of post–intensive care unit mortality

  • Yasser Sakr, MB, BCh, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Germany
    • ,
  • Jean-Louis Vincent, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Intensive Care, Erasme Hospital, Free University of Brussels, 1070 Bruusels, Belgium
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +32 2 555 3380; fax: +32 2 555 4555.
    • ,
  • Esko Ruokonen, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Intensive Care, Kuopio University Hospital, Finland
    • ,
  • Mario Pizzamiglio, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Intensive Care, Hospedale di Piacenza, Italy
    • ,
  • Etienne Installe, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Intensive Care, UCL Mont Godinne, Yvoir, Belgium
    • ,
  • Konrad Reinhart, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Germany
    • ,
  • Rui Moreno, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Intensive Care, Hospital de St, Antonio dos Capuchos, Lisbon, Portugal
    • ,
  • on behalf of the “Sepsis Occurrence in Acutely Ill Patients” Investigators

      Affiliations

    • Endorsed by the European Society for Intensive Care Medicine (Brussels, Belgium), and supported by an unlimited grant from Abbott (Chicago, IL), Baxter (Deerfield, IL), Eli Lilly (Indianapolis IN), GlaxoSmithKline (Brentford, Essex, UK), and NovoNordisk.

References 

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  2. Rowan KM, Kerr JH, Major E, et al. Intensive Care Society's APACHE II study in Britain and Ireland-II: outcome comparisons of intensive care units after adjustment for case mix by the American APACHE II method. BMJ. 1993;307:977–981
  3. Munn J, Willatts SM, Tooley MA. Health and activity after intensive care. Anaesthesia. 1995;50:1017–1021
  4. Moreno R, Morais P. Outcome prediction in intensive care: results of a prospective, multicentre. Portuguese study. Intensive Care Med. 1997;23:177–186
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  6. Moreno R, Miranda DR, Fidler V, et al. Evaluation of two outcome prediction models on an independent database. Crit Care Med. 1998;26:50–61
  7. Moreno R, Miranda DR, Matos R, et al. Mortality after discharge from intensive care: the impact of organ system failure and nursing workload use at discharge. Intensive Care Med. 2001;27:999–1004
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  12. Lawrence A, Havill JH. An audit of deaths occurring in hospital after discharge from the intensive care unit. Anaesth Intensive Care. 1999;27:185–189
  13. Task Force of the American College of Critical Care Medicine SoCCM: guidelines for intensive care unit admission, discharge, and triage. Crit Care Med. 1999;27:633–638
  14. Daly K, Beale R, Chang RW. Reduction in mortality after inappropriate early discharge from intensive care unit: logistic regression triage model. BMJ. 2001;322:1274–1276
  15. Angus DC, Linde-Zwirble WT, Lidicker J, et al. Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care. Crit Care Med. 2001;29:1303–1310
  16. Martin GS, Mannino DM, Eaton S, et al. The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:1546–1554
  17. Vincent JL, Sakr Y, Sprung CL, et al. Sepsis in European intensive care units: results of the SOAP study. Crit Care Med. 2006;34:344–353
  18. Le Gall J-R, Lemeshow S, Saulnier F. A new simplified acute physiology score (SAPS II) based on a European/North American multicenter study. JAMA. 1993;270:2957–2963
  19. Vincent JL, Moreno R, Takala J, et al. The SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction/failure. Intensive Care Med. 1996;22:707–710
  20. ACCP-SCCM Consensus Conference: definitions of sepsis and multiple organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. Crit Care Med. 1992;20:864–874
  21. Vincent JL, de Mendonça A, Cantraine F, et al. Use of the SOFA score to assess the incidence of organ dysfunction/failure in intensive care units: results of a multicentric, prospective study. Crit Care Med. 1998;26:1793–1800
  22. Katz MH. Relationship of independent variables to one another. In:  Katz MH editors. Multivariable analysis: a practical guide for clinicians, Cambridge. 1999;p. 55–59
  23. Laupland KB, Zygun DA, Doig CJ, et al. One-year mortality of bloodstream infection-associated sepsis and septic shock among patients presenting to a regional critical care system. Intensive Care Med. 2005;31:213–219

PII: S0883-9441(07)00156-6

doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2007.09.006

Journal of Critical Care
Volume 23, Issue 4 , Pages 475-483 , December 2008

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